Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-10-24 14:48:43
The selection of cement dry ash bulk loaders shall be based on the properties of cement dry ash, combined with on-site working conditions and requirements for environmental protection and efficiency. The core objective is to achieve stable unloading, effective dust control and equipment adaptation, so as to avoid blockage, excessive dust emission or insufficient efficiency caused by improper selection.
Before selection, the following key parameters shall be accurately confirmed, as they serve as the fundamental basis for matching the specifications of the bulk loader.
Bulk Density: The bulk density of conventional cement dry ash is approximately 1200-1400 kg/m³, which shall be used for calculating the unloading capacity and designing the equipment load-bearing capacity.
Moisture Content: The moisture content of cement dry ash shall be controlled at ≤1%. If the actual moisture content is relatively high (1%-3%), priority shall be given to bulk loaders with anti-blocking function to prevent blockage caused by caking and ensure smooth unloading.
Flowability: Fresh cement dry ash has good flowability. If the storage time exceeds 3 months, attention shall be paid to the change in its flowability. If necessary, bulk loaders with auxiliary unloading structures shall be selected.
Define Rated Unloading Capacity: Calculate the required rated unloading capacity of the bulk loader (unit: m³/h or t/h) based on the volume of transport equipment (e.g., tank trucks) and the loading time per vehicle to ensure it meets the production rhythm.
Consider Peak Demand: A margin of 15%-20% shall be reserved for the unloading capacity during selection to cope with short-term peak unloading demand.
Parameters of Ash Silo Interface: Confirm the diameter (common specifications: DN250, DN300, DN350), flange specifications and installation height of the discharge port at the bottom of the ash silo to ensure the feed end of the bulk loader can be directly connected.
Requirements for Telescopic Stroke: Determine the telescopic stroke of the bulk loader (conventional selection range: 800mm-1800mm) according to the "maximum height of empty vehicle" and "minimum height of fully loaded vehicle" of the transport vehicle, ensuring the telescopic cylinder can fully cover the loading height range.
Site Space: If the horizontal space on-site is limited, compact-structured bulk loaders shall be selected to avoid interference with surrounding equipment (e.g., dust collectors, conveying pipelines).
Environmental Protection Requirements: If the region has strict dust emission standards (e.g., particulate matter emission concentration ≤10mg/m³), bulk loaders with built-in dust collection interfaces shall be selected and matched with corresponding pulse dust collectors to control dust during loading.
Control Method: PLC automatic control systems are commonly used, which are combined with level gauges to realize closed-loop operations of "automatic descending - unloading - full-bin alarm - automatic ascending". Manual control gears can be added if manual intervention is required.
According to the unloading requirements of cement dry ash and on-site conditions, the following types of mainstream bulk loaders can be selected to avoid blind selection.
| Loader Type | Core Structural Features | Adaptation Scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional Telescopic Cement Bulk Loader | Single-stage telescopic cylinder, driven by air cylinder or steel wire rope, equipped with basic sealing device; simple structure and moderate cost. | Small and medium-sized cement plants and mixing stations; scenarios with dry cement dry ash (moisture content ≤1%) and unloading capacity ≤120 m³/h. |
| Anti-Blocking Cement Bulk Loader | Based on the conventional type, it is added with vibration motor or air cannon; the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder is polished to reduce ash adhesion. | Scenarios where cement dry ash has relatively high moisture content (1%-3%), is prone to slight caking, or has a long storage time. |
| High-Flow Cement Bulk Loader | Adopts double-stage telescopic cylinder or enlarged unloading caliber (DN350 and above), equipped with high-power driving device; rated unloading capacity ≥150 m³/h. | Large cement plants and cement transfer stations; scenarios requiring rapid loading (e.g., tank trucks with volume ≥50 m³) and high unloading capacity demand. |
| High-Efficiency Sealed Cement Bulk Loader | The telescopic cylinder adopts multi-layer polyurethane sealing curtains (or wear-resistant canvas); the dust collection interface is matched with a large caliber (≥DN150) to enhance dust control. | Areas with strict environmental protection requirements (e.g., around urban areas and residential areas); scenarios with high requirements for dust emission control. |
Prioritize Sealing Performance: Focus on inspecting the sealing structure of the telescopic cylinder. Priority shall be given to models with sealing layers ≥3 and wear-resistant sealing materials (e.g., polyurethane). Meanwhile, confirm the air volume matching of the dust collection system (usually ≥1200 m³/h) to avoid dust overflow during loading.
Wear-Resistant and Anti-Corrosion Design: Cement dry ash has certain abrasiveness. Attention shall be paid to whether the unloading pipeline and the inner wall of the telescopic cylinder are treated with wear resistance (e.g., lined with wear-resistant coating or Mn13 steel plate). If the on-site environment is humid, the equipment shell shall be coated with anti-corrosion paint (e.g., epoxy zinc-rich paint) to extend its service life.
Safety Protection Configuration: Ensure the model is equipped with overcurrent protection (to prevent motor burnout due to overload), upper and lower limit protection (to avoid damage to the telescopic cylinder caused by overtravel), emergency stop button, and the level gauge has a fault alarm function to improve operational safety.
Convenience of Post-Maintenance: Select models with easy replacement of vulnerable parts (e.g., sealing curtains, motors, level gauges) to reduce post-maintenance time and costs. Priority shall be given to brands with strong universality of spare parts to avoid difficulties in spare parts procurement.
